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《200ATS/ERS一口氣法一氧化碳肺彌散功能測定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化》內(nèi)容預(yù)覽

This joint statement is based on the previous statements from the American Thoracic Society (ATS) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS), and much of the material was taken from these statements [1, 2]. It has been updated according to new scientific insights and revised to reflect consensus opinions of both of these societies. This document is meant to function as a stand-alone document, but, for certain issues, references will be made to the previous statements. Although there are other ways to measure carbon monoxide (CO) uptake (e.g. steady-state, intra-breath and rebreathing techniques) [3– 9], the following recommendations will be restricted to the single-breath technique, since this is the most common methodology in use around the world.

The capacity of the lung to exchange gas across the alveolar-capillary interface is determined by its structural and  functional properties [3–22]. The structural properties include the following: lung gas volume; the path length for diffusion in the gas phase; the thickness and area of the alveolar capillary membrane; any effects of airway closure; and the volume of blood in capillaries supplying ventilated alveoli. The func-tional properties include the following: absolute levels of ventilation and perfusion; the uniformity of their distribution with respect to each other; the composition of the alveolar gas; the diffusion characteristics of the membrane; the concentra-tion and binding properties of haemoglobin (Hb) in the alveolar capillaries; and the gas tensions in blood entering the alveolar capillaries in that part of the pulmonary vascular bed which exchanges gas with the alveoli.

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